Navigation menus provide structured pathways for users to move through content and features, with support for complex dropdown menus and accessible keyboard navigation.

Guidance

AspectBest Practice
UsageUse for primary site navigation, complex menu structures, and anywhere users need to navigate between sections.
ContentUse clear, descriptive labels for menu items. Group related items together in dropdown sections.
BehaviorProvide smooth hover and focus interactions. Support keyboard navigation with arrow keys and escape to close.
StatesClearly indicate active pages, hovered items, and expanded dropdowns. Provide visual feedback for all interactive states.
FeedbackUse subtle animations for dropdown transitions. Provide clear visual hierarchy within dropdown content.
ExamplesMain site navigation, mega menus, application toolbars, or any scenario requiring structured navigation with nested content.

Best Practices

  • Clear Hierarchy: Organize menu items logically with clear parent-child relationships.
  • Consistent Behavior: Ensure all dropdowns behave consistently across the navigation.
  • Accessible Design: Support keyboard navigation and screen readers with proper ARIA attributes.
  • Performance: Avoid deeply nested menus that can overwhelm users.
  • Responsive Design: Ensure navigation works well on all device sizes.

Do’s and Don’ts

Do

  • Use descriptive, action-oriented labels for menu items.
  • Implement consistent timing for hover delays and transitions.
  • Provide visual indicators for items with dropdown content.
  • Support both mouse and keyboard navigation.

Don't

  • Create overly complex nested menu structures.
  • Use generic labels like “More” or “Other” without context.
  • Rely solely on hover interactions for mobile users.
  • Hide important navigation behind multiple levels.

Additional Guidance

  • Psychological Impact:
    • Wayfinding: Good navigation reduces cognitive load by providing clear paths through content.
    • Confidence: Users feel more confident when they understand where they are and where they can go.
    • Efficiency: Well-organized navigation helps users complete tasks faster.